THE PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPACT OF CHRONIC WORRY ON HEART RATE PATTERNS

Anticipation of threat, a central element in the experience of worry, triggers either the “fight or flight” response or the freezing reaction. This intricate interplay of defense mechanisms is crucial in understanding how chronic worry affects the body. The prolonged nature of worry leads to a persistent release of stress hormones within the body. This […]

DOES TEST ANXIETY AFFECT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE?

Test anxiety is a pervasive issue affecting students, influencing their cognitive and emotional responses during examination periods. Akram and Mahmood (2010) characterize test anxiety as a form of self-preoccupation linked to low self-esteem, resulting in negative cognitive evaluations, lack of concentration, unpleasant physiological reactions, and ultimately, reduced proficiency in test performance. Factors Contributing to Test […]

WHAT ARE FLASHBACKS IN POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)?

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after a person experiences a traumatic event. Among the various symptoms associated with PTSD, flashbacks play a significant role in shaping the individual’s experience and well-being. This article delves into the phenomenon of flashbacks in PTSD, exploring their nature, impact, and potential interventions. […]